The different production processes of activated carbon mainly include physical activation and chemical activation, which have significant differences in principle, equipment, temperature and applicable raw materials.
1.Physical activation method
Physical activation uses high-temperature steam, flue gas, or nitrogen as the activation medium, coming into contact with carbonized materials at temperatures between 800-1000℃. This method opens up closed pores in the raw material, enlarges existing pores, and forms new ones, ultimately making the pore structure of activated carbon more developed. Physical activation is suitable for the production of various types of activated carbon, including coal-based, wood-based, and fruit shell activated carbon.
2.Chemical activation method
Chemical activation involves treating raw materials with chemical reagents (such as phosphoric acid, zinc chloride, etc.) to enhance the ion exchange and adsorption properties of active substances. This method can achieve activation at lower temperatures and produce more refined and uniform pore structures. Chemical activation is particularly suitable for activating raw materials like wood or fruit shells, enabling the preparation of activated carbon with high adsorption capacity.
Physical activation method is suitable for the production of various types of activated carbon, including coal, wood and fruit shell activated carbon. The commonly used equipment is fluidized furnace, rotary furnace and vertical carbonization furnace.
Chemical activation method is especially suitable for wood or shell raw materials, and can produce activated carbon with high adsorption capacity. Common chemical reagents include phosphoric acid, zinc chloride, etc.
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